In the 1960s coronavirus was first found in humans causing flu and gastrointestinal problems. The virus has expansion on its surface which makes it look like a King’s crown and So the name coronavirus due to the Corona meaning Crown. Expansions are made of proteins. Coronavirus can also infect cattle dogs, pics of camels birds and hedgehogs apart from humans.
A coronavirus are a different group of viruses that infect and cause diseases in humans and other animals including pics and chickens. We got a new coronavirus explosion that is coherent to a market in Wuhan. Wuhan people sold meat and live animals. So it is thought that it originated in animals.
The coronavirus Explosion bears similarity to the 2002 – 2003 Epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus that started in south China lasted for over 9 months.
Human Coronavirus
Human coronavirus causes a serious rate of all common Colds. Coronavirus can also cause pneumonia and bronchitis. The severe acute respiratory syndrome is caused by a coronavirus that we can say is a severe acute respiratory syndrome-related to coronavirus.
Types Of Coronaviruses
Below are the 7 Exertion of the coronaviruses.
- Human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E)
- Human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV -OC43)
- New Haven coronavirus (HCoV-NL63)
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV)
- Human coronavirus (HKU1)
- Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV)
- Novel coronavirus (2019-nCo)
- Novel coronavirus (2019-nCov)
Known as Wuhan pneumonia or the Wuhan coronavirus. It is the virus responsible for the 2019-2020 explosion in Wuhan, China.
We have never been observed previously so there is no exact treatment for this disease. We have the antiviral treatment and are also ineffective at tackling this vital illness. The present treatment is only focused on extenuating the symptoms of the disease. Previously Novel coronavirus was considered to be a zoonotic disease. Notwithstanding per the current findings suggest that these diseases spread from person to person and also it is suspected to spread through respiratory droplets. It can affect most organs of the respiratory system.
Reported Symptoms
- Dry cough
- Shortness of breath
- Tiredness
- Fever
- Respiratory distress
- Severe infection can lead to other life-threatening conditions such as:
- Pneumonia
- Kidney failure
- Respiratory failure
Death Cases Outside China
In the Philippines, a 44-year-old man from Wuhan developed severe pneumonia and died.
In India, the first coronavirus positive patient confirmed in Kerala.Second patient is also a student from Wuhan in China. cases in India reported in Kerala.Till now nearly two thousand people are under observation in the hospitals and homes Kerala.
SARS Coronavirus In 2003
SARS- Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is contagious and sometimes fatal disease respiratory illness caused by a coronavirus.
SARS appeared in 2002 in China. It spread all over worldwide within a few
months but it was quickly contained. It is a virus transmission through the droplets that enter the air when people with the disease cough, sneeze or talk. It spreads through the airborne respiratory droplets ( cough or sneeze), by touching a contaminated surface, by saliva, by skin to skin contact like handshakes for hugs. as we can say that it spreads easily through person to person.
SARS coronavirus’s short term SARS -CoV. Identified in 2003. We supposed to be an animal virus from an as yet Undetermined animal reservoir maybe bats that spread to other animals (Civet Cat). The first case of SARS coronavirus infected humans in the Guangdong region in Southern China in 2002. The coronavirus disease is not at all the same as SARS.
The virus that causes COVID-19 and that caused the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in 2003 are related to each other genetically but these diseases they cause are entirely different.
Transmission
26 countries affected by these pandemics of SARS. In the result more than 8000 cases in 2003. After that, we got a small number of cases that have occurred By the result of laboratory accidents or through animal to human transmission in Guangdong.
But transmission of SARS-CoV is primarily from person to person.SARS symptoms mainly in the second week of illness which response to the peak of virus excretion in respiratory secretions and stool. It is a high peak of SARS And when cases with severe disease start to go wrong clinically. The main reason for most Court cases of human to human transmission occurred in the Healthcare setting is the Deficiency of complete infection control precautions. we should implement appropriate infection control practices that will bring the Global outbreak to an end.
Nature Of The Disease
Symptoms are influenza-like which include fever malaise, myalgia headache diarrhea and shivering. There are no specific symptoms or individual symptoms or clusters of symptoms that have still proven to be a definite diagnosis of SARS. We have reported frequent symptoms that are especially in elderly and immunosuppressed patients.
Cough, initially dry, shortness of breath, Diarrhoea are present in the first or second week of illness. but there are chances of severe cases evolving of rapidly progressing 2 respiratory distress and requiring Intensive Care or critical care situations.
Expansion Based On The Geographical Criteria
The distribution of epidemics is based on 2002 – 2003. SARS-Cov Disease appeared in November 2002 in the Guangdong region of southern China; this area is considered as a potential zone of the emergence of SARS -CoV.
Human to human transmission chain also has been spread in the other countries after the early importance of cases where Toronto in Canada, Hong Kong special Perfectorial region of China, Chinese Taipei, Singapore Hanoi in Vietnam.
In Late 2017 Chinese scientists traced the virus through the intermediary of civets to Cave dwelling horseshoe bats in Yunnan province.
Between November 2002 and 2003 an explosion of SARS in southern China caused a definitive 8098 cases resulting in 774 deaths reported in 17 countries with a 9.6% fatality rate with the majority of cases in Mainland China and Hong Kong.No cases of SARS have been reported worldwide since 2004.
Precautionary Measures
As we all know, there is no vaccine for SARS. It is a highly contagious disease that spreads human to human.But by the clinical isolation and Quarantine Remaining the most effective measures to prevent the spread of SARS.
- Sterilization of services for fomites.
- Avoiding contact with bodily fluids.
- Hygienic measures.
- Washing personal items of someone with SARS in hot water
- Soapy water
- The World Health Organisation announced severe acute respiratory
- syndrome contained on 5 July 2003.
